In the previous post I discussed the severe cold wave in
Texas that came close to crashing the electrical grid for almost the entire
state. The estimated insured loss from the deep freeze in Texas and surrounding
states will exceed $10 billion.
That doesn’t include the additional cost for the extreme rate hikes in
electricity and natural gas when many of the plants went offline; ratepayers
will be stuck paying for that for years. Nor does it include the estimated
costs for freeze-proofing any of these systems before the next deep freeze
occurs.
If the Texas electric grid were the only bit of aging
infrastructure that is in desperate need of upgrading, this wouldn’t be a
problem outside of Texas. But it isn’t, not by a long shot. The ASCE’s collective grade for all US infrastructure is C-.
That’s an average; some of our infrastructure gets D+, D, and even D- grades.
Those of you who want to know the grades for the infrastructure in your own state
can find it on the linked page.
True, it’s not as if the ASCE is a disinterested observer.
Their members stand to benefit financially from upgrading the country’s
infrastructure, so I expect them to take the most pessimistic view of the situation. But
that doesn’t mean that we aren’t already paying for the infrastructure
we’ve got and the upgrades already occurring. And it doesn’t mean that our
infrastructure doesn’t need any upgrading; just ask anyone who lost electrical
service to freezes, the risk of wildfire, severe storms, and the like, or
anyone who lives downstream of a dam that is at risk of failure, or anyone who
has to play dodge-a-pothole every time they drive.
From time to time, our politicians take notice of our infrastructure. President Biden has recently proposed a $2 trillion plan that addresses
deficiencies in many of the areas highlighted in the ASCE report. (It also contains
some items that aren’t strictly infrastructure upgrades but are intended to appeal
to the Democratic party base.)
Most politicians, and most people, probably favor improving
infrastructure, especially the infrastructure that is closest to them and most
obviously in need. But the work can’t be done for free. To pay for the plan, Biden
proposes to raise the corporate tax rate from 21% to 28%, a proposal that the
Democratic party base will generally favor. However, the Business Roundtable,
made up of the CEOs of the nation’s biggest companies, and the US Chamber of Commerce
have already denounced the tax rate increase, proposing instead that user fees
such as highway and bridge tolls fund the improvements. I’m pretty certain that
most ordinary people, who are already paying for infrastructure maintenance and
improvement via drastic increases in utility bills (our sewer rates have
increased fourfold in the past 17 years and we are being asked to vote
on April 6 for yet another rate hike to pay for a bond issue to fund more work
on the sewer system), aren’t inclined to agree to higher taxes and user fees to
fund the improvements. If I were a betting woman, I’d bet that this proposal
isn’t going anywhere in its current form. No Republican will vote for it, and
enough Democrats won’t that it won’t make it out of the Senate, even if
it gets through the House, and I’m not sure it will get that far. Possibly a
smaller-scaled infrastructure bill will make it through, but such a bill won’t
be enough to do more than fund a few pet projects in a few districts whose
politicians have enough influence to direct dollars toward them.
Having noted what should be reasonably obvious – that we aren’t
willing to pay to maintain all of the infrastructure that we already have –
let’s take a look at the entirely new infrastructure that will be required to
expand the use of so-called “green” electricity. “Green” electricity means
electricity that is supposed to release smaller amounts of greenhouse gases
like carbon dioxide and methane into the air than is produced from burning
fossil fuels. The technologies usually considered in this category are solar
and wind powered plants, hydropower (dams), and hydrogen produced from splitting
water by solar power and used to power fuel cells that produce electricity. Hydropower
is already using all of the best sites, and there are attempts to remove some
of those dams for environmental reasons, so I won’t consider it any further. Solar
and wind power not only require the solar and wind plants that don’t already
exist to be built, but they also require a major upgrade of the existing
electrical grid to accommodate the intermittent nature of these two sources,
which I have argued above is at best unlikely.
As for hydrogen, the hip new source of “green” electricity,
rather than my addressing all the reasons that this is just one more subsidy
dumpster, one more rathole for government money, I’ll just direct you over to
this blog.
Read it and then try to imagine all of the infrastructure that will be required
for hydrogen fuel cells to make enough electricity to run enough
cars to matter, at an efficiency that is less than that of a standard electric
vehicle.
And as if all that isn’t enough, every bit of current
infrastructure that must be at least maintained, if not upgraded, and all of the
bright shiny new “climate-saving” infrastructure that is being pushed as
absolutely necessary by the climate-emergency crowd, requires energy and
materials to do so. Specifically, diesel fuel, produced from oil, goes
directly or indirectly into maintaining or upgrading existing infrastructure,
not to mention producing and deploying and maintaining new infrastructure. I
understand why you may not have paid much attention considering what the past
year or so has brought to us, but it turns out that we may well have passed
peak oil more than two years back. Check out the graphic near the beginning of
this Energy Bulletin of world liquid fuel (oil) production (the blue line on the
graph). Notice the slow rise to a production peak in the 4th quarter
of 2018. Notice that the highest production peak in 2019 didn’t quite match
that of the 4th quarter of 2018. Then comes the familiar rapid drop
of oil production and consumption in 2020 resulting from the measures put in
place in reaction to COVID-19 that were intended to bring us back to “normal.” You’ll
notice that the forecast for oil production in 2021 doesn’t make it up to
levels we last saw in 2017 until late in the year, and that was, in retrospect,
almost surely optimistic given the forecast was made last December when the
concern about vaccine-resistant variants of COVID-19 was less than it is now.
Meanwhile, the deep cuts to capital expenditures made by oil
companies during the past few years when oil prices dropped to levels that the
companies couldn’t profit from suggest, if not too little oil available for the
infrastructure upgrades that Biden and other politicians are promoting, at
least a rise in the price of oil due to increased demand meeting reduced supply
from the reduction in capital spending that would have funded the new sources
of oil that infrastructure upgrades and additions require. But oil prices can only rise so high before they
drive an economic downturn similar to 2008. I don’t expect us to be able to
afford to maintain all of our current infrastructure under these conditions,
much less upgrade it or add new infrastructure. Sure, some projects will get
funded by political influence and subsidy dumping. But most of us will do more
of what we are already doing: paying more money than we already are for services
that are no better than, and likely worse then, what we already have, or being
forced to drop services in favor of less resource-intensive ways of providing
for ourselves.
And that’s why I keep this blog. Why are so many people
gardening now? Among other things, it feeds us for less money and less
infrastructure than any other way I know of. Why do people need to know about
how to stay comfortable in a cooler residence in winter and a warmer residence
in summer? Because it’ll reduce the drain on your wallet as utility prices rise
to reflect deteriorating infrastructure and energy price spikes. At some point
I plan to pick up the human-powered tools theme that I began some years back,
because human-powered tools can do most of what fossil-fuel powered tools do without the infrastructure that fossil fuels require. I
will probably touch on other aspects of home economics as time goes by,
especially if the suspicions I’ve detailed above eventuate.
Next time I’ll write about this year’s garden project. Till
then, I wish you all a good April!
